Plantain (Plantago major)
Overview
Common plantain (Plantago major) is a low-growing perennial reaching up to about 10 in (25 cm), forming a rosette of broad, ribbed leaves and spikes of tiny green flowers. Often regarded as a garden weed, plantain’s leaves are rich in iridoids, flavonoids, mucilage, and tannins, making them potent for wound care and internal soothing of mucous membranes.
Traditional uses & properties
Astringent & Vulnerary: Promotes wound healing, staunches bleeding, and soothes bruises, insect bites, and ulcers when applied topically. Demulcent & Respiratory Aid: The leaves’ mucilaginous qualities help calm inflamed tissues in the throat and lungs, beneficial for coughs and bronchitis. Antiseptic & Draws Out Toxins: Used externally to pull out splinters, soothe insect stings, and reduce swelling. Digestive Tonic: Aids gastritis, ulcers, and IBS by easing irritation in the GI tract.
Preparations & dosage
4–8 ounces 1–4 times daily
Use the standard infusion as a compress.
Fresh leaf (1:2, 95% alcohol); 2–5 ml (0.4–1 tsp.) up to 4 times daily
Dried leaf (1:4); use oil to make a salve for topical use.
Crush fresh leaves and use as a poultice.
Safety & precautions
Allergies: Rare but possible; discontinue if irritation or reaction occurs. General Safety: Very safe in normal doses; can be used as a food-like herb.
Habitat
Native to Europe and Asia, plantain now grows abundantly in temperate regions worldwide. Typically gathered from the wild in summer, focusing on the leaves.